SAP ABAP 740
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Manejo de strings
character_string = |{ a_numeric_variable }|.
character_string = |This resulted in return code { sy-subrc }|.
LO_OBJECT->STRING2XML( |{ converted_xml }{ xml_row-row_close_tag }| ).
v_var1 = 'Esto es'. v_var2 = 'un'. v_var3 = 'String'. lv_result = v_var1 && v_var2 && v_var3.
[WIDTH = len]
[ALIGN = LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER|(val)]
[PAD = c]
[CASE = RAW|UPPER|LOWER|(val)]
[SIGN = LEFT|LEFTPLUS|LEFTSPACE|RIGHT|RIGHTPLUS|RIGHTSPACE|(val)]
[EXPONENT = exp]
[DECIMALS = dec]
[ZERO = YES|NO|(val)]
[XSD = YES|NO|(val)]
[STYLE = SIMPLE|SIGN_AS_POSTFIX|SCALE_PRESERVING
|SCIENTIFIC|SCIENTIFIC_WITH_LEADING_ZERO
|SCALE_PRESERVING_SCIENTIFIC|ENGINEERING
|(val)]
[CURRENCY = cur]
[NUMBER = RAW|USER|ENVIRONMENT|(val)]
[DATE = RAW|ISO|USER|ENVIRONMENT|(val)]
[TIME = RAW|ISO|USER|ENVIRONMENT|(val)]
[TIMESTAMP = SPACE|ISO|USER|ENVIRONMENT|(val)]
[TIMEZONE = tz]
[COUNTRY = cty] ...
l_dir = |including a \{ bracket|.
l_dir = |c:\\temp|. "c:\temp'
TRY.
WRITE: / |string|.
WRITE: / |{ my_variable }|.
WRITE: / |i'm a { my_variable }!|.
WRITE: / |i'm number { my_number * 10 }!| .
WRITE: / |client 000 is called: | &&
|{ clients[ mandt = '000' ]-mtext }|.
WRITE: / |i'm going to be in upper case: | &&
|{ my_variable CASE = UPPER }|.
WRITE: / |function and formatting:| &&
| date raw - { my_string->date( ) DATE = RAW }| &&
| date iso - { my_string->date( ) DATE = ISO }|.
CATCH cx_root.
ENDTRY.
ld_message = |{ ld_delivery ALPHA = OUT }|.
shift_right && clase cl_abap_string_utilities
DATA(str) = `abc `. DATA(rslt) = str. cl_abap_string_utilities=>del_trailing_blanks( CHANGING str = rslt ). ASSERT rslt = shift_right( str ).
Manejo de Tablas
DATA l_pernr TYPE p0001-pernr VALUE '00003019'. SELECT * INTO TABLE @DATA(lt_p2010) FROM pa2010 WHERE pernr = @l_pernr.
line_exists
IF line_exists( lt_p2010[ pernr = l_pernr begda = '20181101' ] ). * do something WRITE:/ 'Existe'. ENDIF.
line_index
DATA(l_index) = line_index( lt_p2010[ pernr = l_pernr begda = '20181101' ] ). WRITE:/ l_index.
Modify the contents based on TABLE-KEY
TRY.
lt_p2010[ pernr = l_pernr ]-begda = '20200101'.
CATCH cx_sy_itab_line_not_found.
ENDTRY.
search line
TRY.
DATA(ls_p2010) = lt_p2010[ pernr = l_pernr ].
CATCH cx_sy_itab_line_not_found.
RETURN.
ENDTRY.
WRITE:/ ls_p2010-begda.
CORRESPONDING
data lt_p0002 type TABLE OF p0002. lt_p0002 = CORRESPONDING #( lt_p2010 ). data(ls_p0002) = lt_p0002[ 1 ]. write:/ ls_p0002-pernr.
FUNCTION z_rfc_read_id. *"---------------------------------------------------------------------- *"*"Interfase local *" IMPORTING *" VALUE(I_ID) TYPE ZRFCID *" TABLES *" T_ID STRUCTURE ZTABLE *" T_RETURN STRUCTURE ZRETURN *" T_RETURN_2 STRUCTURE ZRETURN_2 OPTIONAL ... ... ... t_return_2[] = CORRESPONDING #( t_return[] ). APPEND LINES OF lt_return TO t_return_2. t_return[] = CORRESPONDING #( t_return_2[] ).
Inicializar tabla
lt_p0002 = VALUE #( ( pernr = l_pernr begda = sy-datum ) ).
agregar registros a tabla (append)
lt_p0002 = VALUE #( BASE lt_p0002 ( pernr = l_pernr begda = '20200201' ) ).
FILTER
DATA lt_p0002_s TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF p0002 WITH NON-UNIQUE SORTED KEY pernr COMPONENTS pernr.
lt_p0002_s = VALUE #( ( pernr = l_pernr begda = '20200201' )
( pernr = '00003020' begda = '20200301' )
).
DATA(lt_p0002_h) = FILTER #( lt_p0002_s USING KEY pernr WHERE pernr = l_pernr ).
* Create a filter internal table with multiple values
DATA filter_tab TYPE SORTED TABLE OF p0002-pernr
WITH UNIQUE KEY table_line.
filter_tab = VALUE #( ( l_pernr ) ).
* Apply filters
lt_p0002_h = FILTER #( lt_p0002_s IN filter_tab
WHERE pernr = table_line ).
*
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_filter,
pernr TYPE p0002-pernr,
begda TYPE p0002-begda,
END OF ty_filter,
ty_filter_tab TYPE HASHED TABLE OF ty_filter
WITH UNIQUE KEY pernr begda.
DATA(lt_filter_tab) = VALUE ty_filter_tab( ( pernr = l_pernr begda = '20200201' ) ).
DATA lt_p0002_3 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF p0002.
lt_p0002_3 = VALUE #( ( pernr = l_pernr begda = '20200201' )
( pernr = '00003020' begda = '20200301' )
).
clear lt_p0002_h.
lt_p0002_h = FILTER #( lt_p0002_3 IN lt_filter_tab
WHERE pernr = pernr AND begda = begda ).
ejemplo 2
DATA ti_teven TYPE TABLE OF teven.
DATA l_pernr TYPE teven-pernr.
TYPES: BEGIN OF filter,
pernr TYPE teven-pernr,
END OF filter,
filter_tab TYPE HASHED TABLE OF filter
WITH UNIQUE KEY pernr.
DO 2 TIMES.
IF sy-index = 1.
l_pernr = '10000307'.
ELSE.
l_pernr = '00000000'.
ENDIF.
DATA(filter_tab) = VALUE filter_tab(
( pernr = l_pernr ) ).
SELECT * FROM teven
INTO TABLE ti_teven
ORDER BY pernr ldate ltime erdat ertim pdsnr.
DATA(lt_teven) = FILTER #( ti_teven IN filter_tab
WHERE pernr = pernr ) .
ENDDO.
LOOP GROUP BY
- Examples of Grouping with LOOP
- Programa DEMO_LOOP_AT_ITAB_GROUP_BY
VALUE
types ty_ra type RANGE OF vbak-auart.
data(ra_auart) = VALUE ty_ra(
( low = 'Z1' sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' )
( low = 'Z2' sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' )
).
select vbeln into table @data(LT_vbeln) from vbak where auart in @ra_auart.
DATA itab TYPE RANGE OF i.
itab = VALUE #( sign = 'I' option = 'BT' ( low = 1 high = 10 )
( low = 21 high = 30 )
( low = 41 high = 50 )
option = 'GE' ( low = 61 ) ).
data ra_ktart TYPE RANGE OF p2006-ktart.
CASE lw_solicitudes-subty.
WHEN '0100'.
ra_ktart = VALUE #( ( low = '01' sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' )
( low = '02' sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' ) ).
WHEN '0300' OR '0301' OR '0309'.
ra_ktart = VALUE #( ( low = '17' sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' ) ).
WHEN '0901'.
ra_ktart = VALUE #( ( low = '10' sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' ) ).
ENDCASE.
- APPEND VALUE
APPEND VALUE #( sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' low = 'A000' ) TO lr_einri. APPEND VALUE #( sign = 'I' option = 'EQ' low = 'C200' ) TO lr_einri.
- VALUE #( BASE
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_data2,
col1 TYPE char1,
col2 TYPE i,
END OF ty_data2.
DATA lt_tabla TYPE TABLE OF ty_data2.
DATA lt_tabla2 TYPE TABLE OF ty_data2.
lt_tabla = VALUE #( ( col1 = 'A' col2 = 2 ) ( col1 = 'B' col2 = 11 ) ( col1 = 'A' col2 = 23 ) ).
LOOP AT lt_tabla INTO DATA(ls_tabla) WHERE col1 = 'A'.
lt_tabla2 = VALUE #( BASE lt_tabla2 ( ls_tabla ) ). "APPEND
ENDLOOP.
Uses BASE to append rows to existing rows in an internal table.
TYPES itab TYPE TABLE OF string WITH EMPTY KEY.
DATA(itab) =
VALUE itab(
( `a` ) ( `b` ) ( `c` ) ).
...
itab =
VALUE #(
BASE itab
( `d` ) ( `e` ) ( `f` ) ).
CONV
data: l_dir type char200. l_dir = 'c:\temp'. data(l_resp) = cl_gui_frontend_services=>directory_exist( DIRECTORY = CONV #( l_dir ) ).
DATA l_date_c(8) VALUE '20200205'.
DATA(l_day) = cl_rs_time_service=>get_weekday( i_date = CONV #( l_date_c ) ). IF l_day > 4. WRITE:/ 'Solo lunes a jueves'. RETURN. ENDIF.
COND
DATA(time) = COND string( WHEN sy-timlo < '120000' THEN |{ sy-timlo TIME = ISO } AM|
WHEN sy-timlo > '120000' THEN |{ CONV t( sy-timlo - 12 * 3600 ) TIME = ISO } PM|
WHEN sy-timlo = '120000' THEN |High Noon|
ELSE 'nada' ).
SWITCH
DATA l_flag TYPE flag.
DATA(l_status) = SWITCH #( l_flag
WHEN 'X' THEN 'OK'
ELSE 'Error'
).
DATA(l_number) = SWITCH string( sy-index WHEN 1 THEN 'uno'
WHEN 2 THEN 'dos'
WHEN 3 THEN 'tres'
else 'nada' ).
BOOLC
p_f = boolc( p2001[] is not initial ).
EQUIV
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK bl1.
PARAMETERS p_alv RADIOBUTTON GROUP radi.
PARAMETERS p_csv RADIOBUTTON GROUP radi.
PARAMETERS p_pc AS CHECKBOX.
PARAMETERS p_serv AS CHECKBOX.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK bl1.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON BLOCK bl1.
IF p_csv = abap_true.
IF p_pc = abap_false AND p_serv = abap_false.
MESSAGE 'Debe seleccionar destino de archivo de salida (PC o Servidor)' TYPE 'E'.
elseIF p_pc = abap_true EQUIV p_serv = abap_true.
MESSAGE e000(0k) WITH 'Debe elegir solo una opcion'.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
NEW
DATA g_sol TYPE REF TO cl_sol.
CREATE OBJECT g_sol
EXPORTING
i_iddocumento = p_id
.
data(g_sol2) = NEW cl_sol( i_iddocumento = p_id ).
Non-class-based exceptions of the instance constructor cannot be handled, which means that sy-subrc is never set to a value other than 0. The return code sy-subrc is not set when anonymous data objects are created.
OPEN SQL
- SQL Expressions sql_exp
- String Functions
- Demos: DEMO_SQL_*
SELECT FROM pa0002 FIELDS pernr,vorna WHERE gbdat >= '19900101' INTO TABLE @DATA(lt_pernr2).
SELECT FROM vbrk
INNER JOIN vbrp
ON vbrk~vbeln = vbrp~vbeln
FIELDS vbrk~*,vbrp~posnr,vbrp~matnr
WHERE fkdat >= '20190101'
INTO TABLE @DATA(itab).
*ITAB[1]-VBRK-VBELN = '0090156792'
DATA city TYPE spfli-cityfrom VALUE 'NEW YORK'.
SELECT *
FROM sflight AS s
WHERE seatsocc < s~seatsmax AND
EXISTS ( SELECT *
FROM spfli
WHERE carrid = s~carrid AND
connid = s~connid AND
cityfrom = @city )
INTO TABLE @DATA(free_flights).
DATA: carr_id TYPE spfli-carrid VALUE 'LH',
conn_id TYPE spfli-connid VALUE '400'.
SELECT SINGLE city, latitude, longitude
FROM sgeocity
WHERE city IN ( SELECT cityfrom
FROM spfli
WHERE carrid = @carr_id AND
connid = @conn_id )
INTO (@DATA(city), @DATA(lati), @DATA(longi)).
SELECT planetype, seatsmax
FROM saplane AS plane
WHERE seatsmax < @wa-seatsmax AND
seatsmax >= ALL
( SELECT seatsocc
FROM sflight
WHERE carrid = @wa-carrid AND
connid = @wa-connid )
ORDER BY seatsmax
INTO (@DATA(plane), @DATA(seats)).
SELECT SINGLE
FROM demo_expressions
FIELDS CAST( num1 AS CHAR( 20 ) ) AS col1,
CAST( numlong1 AS CHAR( 20 ) ) AS col2,
CAST( dec3 AS CHAR( 20 ) ) AS col3,
CAST( dats2 AS CHAR( 20 ) ) AS col4
WHERE id = 'X'
INTO @DATA(result).
constantes en select list
SELECT carrid, connid, '007' as tipo
FROM spfli
INTO table @DATA(result).
SELECT carrid, connid, @abap_true as tipo
FROM spfli
INTO table @DATA(result).
SELECT carrid, connid, @sy-datum as fecha_ejecucion
FROM spfli
INTO table @DATA(result).
SELECT SINGLE vorna && ' ' && nachn && ' ' && name2 AS nombre_emp, gbdat
INTO (@wa-nombre_emp, @wa-gbdat) FROM pa0002
WHERE pernr = @pernr AND
begda <= @sy-datum AND
endda >= @sy-datum.
CASE
SELECT SINGLE j~partner, i~rut_pagador, i~total_pagar, i~nom_archivo,
CASE i~banco_abon
WHEN ' ' THEN i~banco_abon2
ELSE i~banco_abon
END AS banco
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF @wa_data
FROM zfi_histra_paso AS i INNER JOIN but000 AS j
ON i~rut_pagador = j~bu_sort2
INNER JOIN zfi_bp_datos_com AS z
ON j~partner = z~bp
WHERE i~folio = @g_folio_histra
AND i~rut_pagador IN @s_rut
AND i~nom_archivo LIKE 'A%'
AND j~partner IN @s_bp
AND z~tipo_sucursal = '00' . "#EC CI_SEL_NESTED
SELECT pernr, vorna,
CASE
WHEN vorna <> 'Homero' THEN 'MAGIOS'
ELSE 'NO MAGIOS'
END AS secta
FROM pa0002
INTO TABLE @DATA(lt_pernr).
CONCAT
SELECT FROM spfli
FIELDS CONCAT( CONCAT( carrid , '_' ),
CAST( connid AS CHAR ) ) AS key,
cityto, 1 AS cities
INTO TABLE @DATA(result).
KEY CITYTO CITIES
LH_0400 NEW YORK 1
AA_0017 SAN FRANCISCO 1
AZ_0555 FRANKFURT 1
REPORT demo_sql_function_concat.
CLASS demo DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
CLASS-METHODS main.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS demo IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD main.
SELECT CONCAT( CONCAT( carrid,
LPAD( carrname,21,' ' ) ),
LPAD( url,40,' ' ) ) AS line
FROM scarr
INTO TABLE @DATA(result).
cl_demo_output=>display( result ).
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
START-OF-SELECTION.
demo=>main( ).
SUBSTRING
*PRmmaaRppnnnnnn
*0208020 + aa + mm + nnnnnn
*Ejemplo: PR0720R007188233 se convierte en 02080202007188233
SELECT concat( '0208020', ( concat( substring( xblnr,5,2 ), ( concat( substring( xblnr,3,2 ), ( substring( xblnr,10,6 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) AS folio
FROM bsis
WHERE bukrs EQ @g_bukrs
AND xblnr IN @s_xblnr
AND augdt = '00000000'
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @gt_data .
Literal in SELECT List
SELECT SINGLE @abap_true
FROM scarr
WHERE carrid = @carrier
INTO @DATA(exists).
IF exists = abap_true.
cl_demo_output=>display(
|Carrier { carrier } exists in SCARR| ).
ELSE.
cl_demo_output=>display(
|Carrier { carrier } does not exist in SCARR| ).
ENDIF.
aggregations
* nombre completo empleado
select VORNA && ' ' && nachn as nombre from pa0002 into table @data(lt_data) where pernr = '10000000'.
*total factura
select netwr + MWSBK as total from vbrk into table @data(lt_vbrk) UP TO 1 ROWS.
* facturas con total > 1000000
select netwr + MWSBK as total from vbrk where netwr + MWSBK > 10000 and waerk = 'CLP'
into table @data(lt_vbrk).
Open SQL - Aggregate Expressions agg_exp
Host Expressions, Use in the WHERE Condition
REPORT demo_select_where_tab_exp.
CLASS demo DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
CLASS-DATA carriers TYPE HASHED TABLE OF scarr
WITH UNIQUE KEY carrid
WITH NON-UNIQUE SORTED KEY name COMPONENTS carrname.
CLASS-METHODS:
class_constructor,
main.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS demo IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD main.
DATA name TYPE scarr-carrname VALUE 'United Airlines'.
cl_demo_input=>request( CHANGING field = name ).
SELECT carrid, connid, cityfrom, cityto
FROM spfli
WHERE carrid =
@( VALUE spfli-carrid( carriers[ KEY name
carrname = name ]-carrid
OPTIONAL ) )
INTO TABLE @DATA(result).
cl_demo_output=>display( result ).
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD class_constructor.
SELECT *
FROM scarr
INTO TABLE carriers.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
START-OF-SELECTION.
demo=>main( ).
ABAP SQL Indicator structure (ABAP 7.55 (or) S/4HANA 2020)
TYPES wa TYPE sflight WITH INDICATORS ind.
DATA itab TYPE TABLE OF wa WITH EMPTY KEY.
SELECT carrid, connid, fldate, price
FROM sflight
WHERE carrid = char`LH` AND
connid = numc`0400` AND
fldate > '20180601'
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @itab.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
LOOP AT itab ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<wa>).
<wa>-price *= '0.8'.
<wa>-ind-price = 'X'.
ENDLOOP.
UPDATE sflight FROM TABLE @itab INDICATORS SET STRUCTURE ind.
ENDIF.
Códigos Varios
DATA(l_day) = cl_rs_time_service=>get_weekday( i_date = sy-datum ). IF l_day > 4. WRITE:/ 'Solo lunes a jueves'. RETURN. ENDIF.
IF cl_rs_time_service=>get_weekday( i_date = sy-datum ) > 4. WRITE:/ 'Solo lunes a jueves'. RETURN. ENDIF.
******************** DATA(components) = CAST cl_abap_structdescr( cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_name( 'T100' ) )->components.
Numeric Calculations
ipow - Integer Power Function
ipow( base = arg exp = n ), equivale a: arg ** n , pero ipow tiene mejor performance, ejemplo programa DEMO_IPOW
Demos
[1] Demos
